Suppose you are in an ancient city-state. Suppose one fine morning you see the fearsome S.P.Q.R. on the horizon. You know the Roman Empire has an unhealthy interest in your town. You know the legions are marching and the galleys are sailing. (Play the empire strikes back score) There is nowhere to run and not much to fight with. Who you gonna call?
The city was Syracuse, the time 213BC. the Roman Republic attacked Syracuse with a fleet of at least 120 Quinqueremes under Marcus Claudius Marcellus. What is a Quinquereme you ask?
It’s a humongous big (for the time period) warship. It had five rows of rowers, two sails, archers, catapult artillery, ramming tip, the works. The roman had 120 of these not to speak of their legions, catapults.. etc. What they didn’t have was one crazy old scientist (ok.. philosopher) who would pwn them.
Suddenly the roman army was halted with stones falling out of the sky, solar beams blinding their sailors, crossbow fired arrows of an incredible range, and their ghastliest nightmare, the claw of archimedes..
Plutarch writes
.. when Archimedes began to ply his engines, he at once shot against the land forces all sorts of missile weapons, and immense masses of stone that came down with incredible noise and violence; against which no man could stand; for they knocked down those upon whom they fell in heaps, breaking all their ranks and files. In the meantime huge poles thrust out from the walls over the ships and sunk some by great weights which they let down from on high upon them; others they lifted up into the air by an iron hand..



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Marcellus scorned his own engineers, stating,
“shall we not make an end of fighting against this geometrical Briareus who, sitting at ease by the sea, plays pitch and toss with our ships to our confusion, and by the multitude of missiles that he hauls at us outdoes the hundred-handed giants of mythology?”.
But this had little effect on them since the Romans were in such terror that if they did see a piece of rope or wood projecting above the wall, they would cry “there it is again,”declaring that Archimedes was setting some engine in motion against them, and would turn their backs and run away, insomuch that Marcellus desisted from all conflicts and assaults, putting all his hope in a long siege.
Ships lifted up into the air, and smashed against the rocks by gigantic cranes!! Scorching heat beams!! Barrage of arrows all mechanically controlled!! This in an age when they wore togas and rode in chariots. Archimedes rocked, he single handedly gave the romans no end of trouble. Unfortunately the food ran out and the city surrendered. Not before completely humiliating Marcellus’ grand fleet.
And of course they killed Archimedes. Legend has it it was his last wish to finish some geometrical problem he was drawing in the sand.
… a Roman soldier, running upon him with a drawn sword, offered to kill him; and that Archimedes, looking back, earnestly besought him to hold his hand a little while, that he might not leave what he was then at work upon inconclusive and imperfect; but the soldier, nothing moved by his entreaty, instantly killed him.